Cryopreservation techniques and their application in vegetatively propagated crop plants in Finland

Authors

• Anna Nukari MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Plant Production Research, Antinniementie 1, FI-41330 Vihtavuori, Finland,
• Marjatta Uosukainen MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Plant Production Research, Antinniementie 1, FI-41330 Vihtavuori, Finland,
• Veli-Matti Rokka MTT, Biotechnology and Food Research, Myllytie 1, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
• Kristiina Antonius MTT, Biotechnology and Food Research, Myllytie 1, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
• Qiaochun Wang Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Plants of Northwest China, College of Horticulture, Northwest Agricultural & Forest University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China
• Jari P.T. Valkonen University of Helsinki, Department of Applied Biology, PO Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 5), FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2137/145960609789267506

Keywords:

cryopreservation, cryotherapy, somatic embryos, raspberries, raspberry bushy dwarf virus, strawberries, potatoes, genetic resources, gene banks, nuclear stock, genetic stability

Abstract

Cryopreservation protocols have been introduced as techniques for germplasm preservation of vegetatively propagated horticultural and staple food crops. In Finland, cryopreservation has been studied since 1990s, beginning with cryopreservation of forest tree breeding material and since 2004 on cryopreservation of genetic resources of horticultural plants and potato. Priority was given to cryopreservation of raspberry (Rubus ideaus L.), strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and the possibility to use cryotherapy in eradication of raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) from in vitro cultures were studied on raspberry. Modified droplet vitrification cryopreservation protocols were designed for raspberry and strawberry and cryotherapy combined with thermotherapy was proven to be a successful application to eliminate RBDV from infected raspberries. Cryotherapy method can be applied for a large scale elimination of viruses from plant germplasm and from candidate nuclear stock in a certified plant production scheme. Routine use of cryotechniques in germplasm preservation of vegetatively propagated horticultural plants was started. Besides for long term germplasm preservation, cryopreservation techniques can be applied also for maintenance of mother stocks in certified plant production schemes and in commercial plant production. Cryopreservation of potato shoot tips needs additional detailed research to obtain sufficient recovery and regrowth rates.;