Neuphilologische Mitteilungen

“Gruß aus Saksa”: Multilingual practices in a German expatriate online community in Finland

Henna Kortelainen — 2022-05-30

This article investigates forms and functions of multilingual practices among German-speaking expatriates in Finland in an online community. It focuses on Finnish codeswitches in otherwise German forum messages in a material that consists of 179 discussion threads with a total of 616 Finnish codeswitches. The structural analysis of the Finnish codeswitches revealed that most of the Finnish codeswitches were intrasentential switches - most often common and proper nouns. Switches of other parts of speech such as verbs and adjectives occurred significantly less often. Almost half of the Finnish nouns were orthographically adapted into German through capitalisation of the initial letter. The functional analysis showed that codeswitches referring to Finnish culture and society were common. Other central functions included metalinguistic commentary, slips of the tongue, greetings and closings, reported speech, and reiteration. The forum members largely relied on their shared knowledge of Finnish and Finland, and only some codeswitches were translated into German. The findings of this study indicate that Finnish codeswitches are an expression of the multicultural and multilingual lives and identities of the forum members. Codeswitching to Finnish serves both as a means of communicating their shared Finnish experience and as a signal of membership in the online community.

Teutscher Virgilius oder geistloser Vielschreiber? Zur Beurteilung des Hans Sachs im Wandel der Zeit am Beispiel von Das Schlaraffenland

Benjamin van Well — 2022-05-30

Kaum ein literarisches Oeuvre ist über die Jahrhunderte derart kontrovers beurteilt worden, wie das von Hans Sachs: Von Zeitgenossen wie Melanchton und Jacob Schopper als größter deutscher Dichter, als „teutsche[r] Vergilius“ verehrt, war er für die Generation der Barockpoeten, für Dichter wie Opitz, Stieler und Gryphius, nur noch ein Stümper, ein geistloser Vielschreiber, wurde zu einer Karikatur degradiert, sein Knittelvers verspottet. Goethe, Wieland und Schlegel dagegen rehabilitierten den Meistersinger, Wagner schließlich setzte ihm mit seinen Meistersingern von Nürnberg ein Denkmal. Heute ist Sachs ein kanonischer Autor. In dieser Studie sollen die Gründe für diese ambivalente Einschätzung des Meistersingers im Wandel der Epochen exemplarisch an einem Werk diskutiert werden, das über die Jahrhunderte nichts an seiner Popularität verloren hat: am Schlaraffenland von 1530.

A Lexical Comparison of Four Prick of Conscience Group-IV Manuscripts

Edurne Garrido-Anes — 2022-05-30

Dublin, Trinity College, 157 (D.4.11) (MV 21), London, Lambeth Palace, 492 (MV 48), London, Sion College, Arc. L. 40. 2/E. 25 (MV 49) – from line 2,850 – and Shrewsbury, School, III (Mus. III. 39) (MV 95) were recently grouped together as the TLS₁S₂ subset within the Prick of Conscience Group-IV manuscripts. Apart from often showing identical – or closely related – deviant readings, these copies also display a fairly consistent shared pattern of significant textual omissions (author forthcoming). However, vocabulary variants – whether inherited or idiolectal, intentional or inadvertent, and stylistically or geographically conditioned – are by no means unusual across these four manuscripts. By providing a lexical comparison and analysis of the said copies, this paper aims to shed some light on individual scribal habits towards their presumed exemplar(s), thereby giving further insight into the TLS₁S₂ subgroup’s textual relations. The present analysis contributes to refining the history of this particular Group-IV branch through the identification of up to six different lexical layers.

Testing a New Spelling Database Created from The Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English

Marie Vaňková — 2022-05-30

This paper presents a new tool designed to facilitate linguistic analyses of texts from the early Middle English period, focusing primarily on spelling and its variation. The core of the application is a database which maps correspondences between segments of the numerous spelling variants available in the Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English (LAEME). The interface is suitable for analyses of spelling systems of individual texts and their comparison, as well as analyses with a wider scope such as spelling variants potentially associated with
a specific sound change etc.

The article is based on a short sample study designed to test various features of the tool. The goal of the study is to describe the distribution of equivalents of h, ȝ across multiple copies of three short lyrics. A basic description of the tool is complemented with practical examples of its use taken from the study. The article also relates the results of the study to previous findings in order to check for potential errors in the database, and to assess its advantages or disadvantages in comparison with more traditional research methods.

Lexical Doublets (Binomials) in Sermons from Late Medieval England

Siegfried Wenzel — 2022-05-30

The article examines the use of synonymous binomials in sermons produced in England in the fifteenth century. It discusses sermons in English, Latin, and macaronic. English and macaronic sermons use such binomials for rhetorical ornamentation; Latin ones do so too, though to a lesser extent.

Sull’uso del passato remoto e prossimo nei rinvii anaforici dei testi scientifici, giuridici e tecnici

Ilpo Kempas — 2022-05-30

L’articolo esamina la scelta tra il passato remoto (PR) e il passato prossimo (PP) nei rinvii anaforici dei testi scientifici, giuridici e tecnici tra il 1500 e il 2000. L’italiano standard a base toscana si caratterizza per la grammaticalizzazione del PP come tempo aoristico e per la sua espansione nel campo semantico occupato prima dal PR. L’uso di questi due tempi nei rinvii anaforici è stato indagato empiricamente, raccogliendo tutti gli esempi di PR (N=146; più tardi ancora 24, cioè 170 in totale) usati in otto predeterminate frasi fatte (con dire e vedere) disponibili tramite Google nel momento di osservazione e un numero identico di esempi di PP, per scoprire le possibili differenze tra i due tempi in rapporto agli anni di pubblicazione dei documenti. Inoltre, sono stati osservati i numeri totali degli esempi di PP per confrontarli con quelli di PR. I risultati rivelano che i cambiamenti avvenuti nella lingua in genere si riflettono anche nell’uso di entrambi i tempi, benché con ritardo. Il periodo ≤1800, soprattutto proprio l’Ottocento, si profila come “l’età dell’oro” del PR, mentre il Novecento conosce un’espansione sostanziale del PP. In totale, il PP risulta predominante nei rinvii anaforici studiati (N=857, 85,4%).

Wolfram-Studien XXIV: Die Kunst der brevitas. Kleine literarische Formen des deutschsprachigen Mittelalters.

Albrecht Classen — 2022-05-30

Albrecht Greule / Jarmo Korhonen, Historische Valenz. Einführung in die Erforschung der deutschen Sprachgeschichte auf valenztheoretischer Grundlage.

Kari Keinästö — 2022-05-30

Jutta Eming / Volkhard Wels (Hrsg.), Darstellung und Geheimnis in Mittelalter und Früher Neuzeit.

Christian Niedling — 2022-05-30

Sarah Brommer / Christa Dürscheid (Hrsg.), Mensch. Maschine. Kommunikation. Beiträge zur Medienlinguistik.

Michael Szurawitzki — 2022-05-30

Alchemy in the Vernacular

Sara Norja — 2022-05-30

The author defended her doctoral dissertation Alchemy in the Vernacular: An Edition and Study of Early English Witnesses of The Mirror of Alchemy at the University of Turku, Faculty of Humanities, on 27 May 2021. Professor Peter J. Grund (University of Kansas) acted as the opponent and Professor Matti Peikola (University of Turku) acted as the Custos. The dissertation is available at https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/151694

Enseñanza de las preposiciones "a", "de", "en", "por" y "para" mediante su significado

Jordina Frago Cañellas — 2022-05-30

Lectio praecursoria read at the doctoral dissertation defense Enseñanza de las preposiciones a, de, en por y para mediante su significado at the University of Helsinki, Faculty of Arts, on September 25, 2021. Dr. Alejandro Castañeda Castro (University
of Granada) acted as the opponent and Dr. Eeva Sippola (University of Helsinki) acted as the Custos. The dissertation is https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/333991.

Effet du prototype sur le changement de sujet en traduction

Léa Huotari — 2022-05-30