Eettisiä näkökulmia maanpuolustuksen ja yhteiskunnallisen turvallisuuden dilemmoihin ja paradokseihin
Abstrakti
This article examines two pivotal and interlinked paradoxes in military ethics. These two paradoxes are the security paradox and the peace paradox. Security paradox refers to a negative spiral where well-intended security functions end up decreasing or jeopardizing safety and security. Peace paradox takes two forms. Firstly, it is self-contradictory to pursue peace by the means of war. On the other hand, it is also problematic to allow violence in the name of nonviolence. Different normative positions from pacifism to just war tradition and to militarism can be seen as answers to the moral dilemma between condemning violence and the need to protect innocents. These positions weigh the worth of peace differently, but they can all be seen as answers to the same question concerning a justified trade-off between necessary violence and sustainable peace. There already exists a strong just war tradition, but this analysis divulges a need to map out just peace, as well. Not all peace is equally valuable or sustainable. Conceptions of safety and security are central, when defining sustainable and just peace as something more than mere absence of violence.
