Erich Fromm och Gersholm Scholem: analys av en ovänskap

Authors

• Svante Lundgren Åbo akademi

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30752/nj.69548

Keywords:

Fromm, Erich, 1900-1980, Scholem, Gershom Gerhard, 1897-1982, Psychoanalysis and religion, Mysticism -- Judaism, Communism and Judaism, Messianism, Zionism

Abstract

Erich Fromm and Gershom Scholem met each other in Frankfurt in the early 1920’s. Both were young, intelligent and ambitious and would later become famous celebrities, Fromm as a psychoanalyst and social critic, Scholem as a pioneering historian of Jewish mysticism. But they did not become friends. Rather the opposite, one can say that a certain animosity arose between the two. Scholem has published nasty comments on Fromm. In one Fromm was quite unjustly called a “psychoanalytical Bolshevik”. Scholem’s claim that Fromm was an enthusiastic Trotskyist is not correct either, although Fromm expressed some admiration of Trotsky as a person. Fromm, on the other hand, did not publicly (only in a letter) comment Scholem as a person, but criticized his theories on messianism on some points. The question why the two felt an antipathy towards each other is not easy to answer. On some issues they had different views, which of course is not a sufficient reason not to be friends. The fact that they developed along contrary lines (Scholem from assimilatory tendencies to conscious Judaism and Zionism, and Fromm from orthodoxy to non-theism and anti-Zionism) might have been of importance. And finally, some reasons for the fact that certain persons just don’t fit together are not possibly to determinate.