Tulevaisuuden ruokateknologiat ja maaseutujen muutosjoustavuus: Kotieläintuottajien näkemyksiä solumaataloudesta

Kirjoittajat

• Niko Räty Helsingin yliopisto, Ruralia-instituutti
• Toni Ryynänen Helsingin yliopisto, Ruralia-instituutti

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51807/maaseutututkimus.119985

Avainsanat:

kotieläintuotanto, maanviljelijät, muutosjoustavuus, ruokajärjestelmät, solumaatalous

Abstrakti

Ruoantuotanto on yksi keskeisimmistä maaseutujen toimialoista. Kiristyneet tehokkuusvaatimukset ja kallistuneet tuotantopanokset asettavat uusia vaatimuksia kotieläintuottajille jo olemassa olevien haasteiden lisäksi. Myös ruokateknologioihin liittyvät innovaatiot kyseenalaistavat tavanomaista tuotantoa. Yksi näistä tulevaisuuden teknologioista on solumaatalous, jolla tarkoitetaan ruoan tuottamista soluviljelmäteknologioita hyödyntäen bioreaktoreissa. Kartoitamme tässä tutkimuksessa 22 suomalaisen kotieläintuottajan näkemyksiä solumaataloudesta. Analysoimme teemahaastatteluin kerättyä tutkimusaineistoa maatalouden muutosjoustavuuden (resilience) arviointikehyksen avulla. Tulokset kuvaavat solumaatalouden mahdollisesti luomia muutoksia maaseutuihin ja niihin liittyviä joustavuusvaatimuksia kotieläintuottajien näkökulmasta. Muutoksista keskeisimmiksi koettiin kotieläinten muuttuva asema, teknologian mahdollisuudet ja uhat sekä kotieläintuottajien muuttuvat asemat teknologioiden kehittyessä. Kotieläintuottajat epäilivät solumaa­talouden tuottaman laajamittaisen murroksen mahdollisuutta. Solumaatalouden koettiin tarjoavan kotieläintuottajille haasteiden lisäksi myös aiemmin tuntemattomia mahdollisuuksia.

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