An overview of how rubisco and carbohydrate metabolism may be regulated at elevated atmospheric [CO2] and temperature

Authors

  • George Bowes Department of Botany, 220 Bartram Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
  • Joseph C. V. Vu USDA-ARS and Agronomy Department, University of Florida, USA
  • Mian W. Hussain Department of Botany, University of Florida, USA
  • Arja H. Pennanen Department of Plant Production, University of Helsinki, Finland
  • L. Hartwell Allen, Jr. USDA-ARS and Agronomy Department, University of Florida, USA

Abstract

Although atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) has been up to 16-fold higher than at present, the past several million years have seen atypically low values. Thus, modern-day plants are adapted to cope with a low [CO2]/[O2] ratio. The present [CO2] does not saturate C3 photosynthesis, so its doubling produces an “efficiency effect”, but it is not always fully realized. Acclimation to high [CO2] during growth can down-regulate photosynthesis, presumably to optimize carbon acquisition and utilization. A primary factor in acclimation is a reduction in rubisco. Two crops, rice and soybean, were used to study this phenomenon. Rice photosynthesis and growth peaked at 500 μmol mol-1 , whereas soybean responded up to 990 μmol mol-1 . Rubisco concentration declined under CO2-enrichment and increasing temperatures, more so in rice than soybean. The rubisco kcat of rice was unaffected by growth [CO2] or temperature, but that from soybean was increased by both. In rice the capacity to handle carbohydrate, as measured by sucrose phosphate synthase activity was up-regulated by CO2 -enrichment, but not by temperature. Leaf carbohydrates were increased by [CO2], but decreased by higher temperatures, starch more so than sucrose. Even though C3 species differ in response to [CO2] and temperature, CO2 -enrichment can moderate adverse effects of temperature extremes.

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Section
Articles

Published

1996-05-01

How to Cite

Bowes, G., Vu, J. C. V., Hussain, M. W., Pennanen, A. H., & Allen, L. H. (1996). An overview of how rubisco and carbohydrate metabolism may be regulated at elevated atmospheric [CO2] and temperature. Agricultural and Food Science, 5(3), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72745