Heinä-kaura dieetti ratsuhevosten energian, sulavan raakavalkuaisen sekä kivennäis- ja hivenaineiden lähteenä

Authors

• Vappu Kossila Helsingin yliopiston kotieläintieteen laitos
• Erkki Virtanen Helsingin yliopiston kotieläintieteen laitos
• Johanna Maukonen Helsingin yliopiston kotieläintieteen laitos

DOI: https://doi.org/10.23986/afsci.71827

Abstract

Feed intake of 24 saddle horses was measured in May (I) and that of 22 horses in September (II). Mean live weight of the horses was about 550 kg. Diet contained timothy- dominating hay in I but timothy-clover hay in II. During I and II mean intake of hay was 6.4 and 7.1 kg, that of oats 3.8 and 4.3 kg. Mean energy intake in feed units (FU) from hay was 3.49 and 3.20 FU/day and mean intake of digestible crude protein (DCP) 320 and 330 g/day respectively. Mean energy intake from oats was 3.41 and 3.27 FU/day and DCP-intake 324 and 372 g/day. Compared to generally accepted recommendations, the daily DCP-intake/horse was sufficient. Dry matter consumption was about 10 kg on an average per horse. Larger horses consumed more than smaller ones. 22 horses were regularly used for riding. For these the daily energy expenditure for, maintenance was calculated according to the recommendations of LARSSON et al. (1951). During I and II the amount of energy required for the maintenance of the horses was 4.77 FU and the energy expenditure per hour of work was 1.38 FU on an average. Mares required less energy per hour of work (0.99 FU) than geldings and horses of the riding school required less energy (1.01 FU) than privately owned horses (2.39 FU). When the energy expenditure per hour of work was calculated according to HINTZ et al. (1971), it was found that mares used 11.6 and 9.7 kcal DE/hr/kg during I and II; geldings used 12.9 and 12.7 kcal DE/hr/kg respectively. Ordinary riding horses required less energy (I 10.0 and II 8.7 kcal DE/hr/kg) than privately owned, more intensively trained horses (I 19.2 and II 20.5 kcal DE/hr/kg). Mean daily intakes of minerals and trace elements per horse during I and II were: Ca 23.6 and 34.4 g, P 23.8 and 25.0 g; Mg 11.9 and 13.0 g, K. 99.5 and 113.0 g, Na 9.8 and 22.5 g, Fe 695 and 1592 mg, Cu 357 and 201 mg, Zn 492 and 348 mg, Mn 355 and 388 mg; the Ca/P of the diets were 0.99 and 1.39 respectively. The portions of minerals and trace elements obtained from hay during I and II were: Ca 71 and 90 %, P 44 and 47 %, Mg 62 and 63 %, K 85 and 94 %, Na 81 and 88 %, Fe 58 and 52 % Cu 66 and 72 %, Zn 55 and 54 %, Mn 49 and 50 %. Compared to the generally accepted recommendations, the intakes of minerals and trace elements were sufficient or abundant except the intakes of Ca, Na and Fe during I.