Suomen romanin nominimorfologiaa

• Kimmo Granqvist
• Henry Hedman

Avainsanat: muoto-oppi, nominit, romanikieli

Abstrakti

The nominal morphology of Finnish Romani (englanti)

4/2003 (107)

The nominal morphology of Finnish Romani

The article presents an overview of the nominal morphology of Finnish Romani. It seeks to increase knowledge of the diachronic and synchronic development of the language and to present new information on changes in language typology. The writers examine the blurring of the principal dichotomies (grammatical background, vibrancy and thematic status) in the nominal morphology of Romani and highlight the bi-directional and conflicting nature of the changes taking place. The dismantling of these oppositions has made the language more analytical in its typology, while also adding considerably to the amount of variation. This is evident in derivational morphology as much as in inflection, for instance in the creation of a large number of new nominal case paradigms. Based on the primary case forms nominative and oblique, the writers estimate that there are 23 nominal paradigm types and four adjective paradigms.

A second layer in the case system is formed by the so-called secondary cases, which are all agglutinative; the number of these cases has decreased since the prepositional lost its productiveness. Similarly, the vocative is no longer used, though this is neither a primary nor a secondary case. A third layer in the case system consists of what are termed analytical adpositions, which are mostly adverb markers. Alongside the adverbs making use of old analytical adpositions are neologisms that have perhaps been created following the lexicalisation of locative and ablative identifiers; these neologisms are based on the dominant primary and secondary cases.

Pronouns in Romani have the same two-level case system as other nominals. The personal pronouns of Finnish Romani are very similar to those of Early Romani, although the feminine form of the third person singular has become rare. The possessive pronouns are also being substituted by genitive forms of personal pronouns.

Kimmo Granqvist

Henry Hedman

Kielenainekset

-hAn (kieli: suomi, sivulla: 487)
-kAAn (kieli: suomi, sivulla: 487)
-kin (kieli: suomi, sivulla: 487)
-kO (kieli: suomi, sivulla: 487-)
-pA (kieli: suomi, sivulla: 487)