Iäkkäiden etäjumppa kunnissa koronapandemian aikaan

Kirjoittajat

• Sonja Iltanen Ikäinstituutti
• Päivi Topo Ikäinstituutti

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23989/gerontologia.109290

Avainsanat:

etäjumppa, iäkkäiden etäpalvelut, implementaatio

Abstrakti

Etäjumppa tarjoaa kunnille uudenlaisen tavan järjestää iäkkäiden terveysliikuntaa ja iäkkäille ihmisille mahdollisuuden osallistua siihen. Artikkelimme tavoitteena on luoda kokonaiskuva siitä, miten koronapandemia vaikutti iäkkäiden etäjumpan toteutukseen eli implementaatioon. Tutkimuksessa seurataan vuosina 2019–2022 seitsemää kuntaa, jotka toteuttivat pilotteja aiemmassa kehittämishankkeessa. Aineisto kerättiin elisitaatiohaastatteluilla. Haastateltavina videopuheluissa oli 12 etäjumppaa toteuttanutta ammattilaista. Aineistosta etsittiin etäjumpan toteutukseen vaikuttavia tekijöitä koronapandemian aikaan. Implementaatiota tarkasteltiin hyväksyttävyyden, käyttöönoton, soveltuvuuden, käytettävyyden, pysyvyyden, kustannusten, leviämisen ja juurtumisen näkökulmista. Tulostemme mukaan koronan tuomat rajoitukset muuttivat organisaatioiden, etäjumpan toteuttajien ja etäjumppaajien toimintaa. Koronapandemia aiheutti merkittävän riskin iäkkäiden etäjumpan jatkumiselle, mutta toisaalta se vahvisti motivaatiota, osaamista ja laitekantaa, jotka edesauttavat etäjumpan järjestämistä jatkossa. Kriisi- tai muutostilanteessa toiminnan jatkuvuuteen näyttää olennaisesti vaikuttavan se, miten vahvasti toiminta on ehtinyt vakiintua osaksi kunnan toimintaa. Implementaatio on moniulotteinen ja jatkuvasti muuttuva prosessi, ja on tärkeää tutkia, miten sitä voidaan tukea.  

Online exercise for older adults in municipalities during the COVID-19 pandemic

Online exercise is a novel method for organizing health exercise for older adults, and for them to participate. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive view of how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the implementation of online exercise for older adults. This is a follow-up study (2019–2022) of seven municipalities that piloted online exercise for older adults in a previous development study. The data were gathered by videoconferencing applying elicitation interviews with professionals executing local online exercise (n=12). Factors affecting the implementation of online exercise during the COVID-19 pandemic were examined from perspectives of politics and policies, actions of organizations, executors and online exercisers, relation of technology and abilities, cultural views, and evaluation and knowledge. The outcomes of implementation were analyzed from the viewpoints of acceptability, adoption, appropriateness, feasibility, fidelity, cost, coverage, and sustainability. Our results suggest that the restriction due to the pandemic created a significant risk for the sustainability of online exercise, but also strengthened the motivation, skills and technological facilities – factors that support organizing online exercise in the future. Implementation is a multidimensional and constantly changing process and studying it from the viewpoints applied in this study may improve the comprehension of the process. It is necessary to identify ways of supporting successful implementation.

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